Isopropyl alcohol (IPA), also known as isopropanol, is a versatile solvent widely used for cleaning and disinfecting. Its quick evaporation rate, ability to dissolve a wide range of non-polar compounds, and efficacy in killing microbes make it an indispensable tool in homes, industries, and healthcare settings. In this guide, we explore the uses and differences between 99.9% and 70% isopropyl alcohol, helping you decide which is best for your cleaning needs.
What is Isopropyl Alcohol?
Isopropyl alcohol is a colorless, flammable liquid with a strong odour. It is a secondary alcohol, meaning the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to a carbon atom that is connected to two other carbon atoms. It is miscible with water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform, making it a flexible solvent in many chemical processes.
In everyday terms, isopropyl alcohol is known for its antiseptic properties, commonly found in hand sanitizers, disinfectant sprays, and cleaning solutions.
Differences Between 99.9% and 70% Isopropyl Alcohol
Concentration and Composition
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99.9% IPA is nearly pure isopropanol, with only trace amounts of water.
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70% IPA consists of 70% isopropanol and 30% water.
Evaporation Rate
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99.9% IPA evaporates very quickly, which can limit its ability to kill microbes unless it remains on the surface long enough.
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70% IPA evaporates more slowly due to the water content, allowing better penetration and longer contact time for effective microbial kill.
Antimicrobial Effectiveness
Surprisingly, 70% IPA is generally more effective as a disinfectant. The water content allows for better cell penetration, and a slower evaporation rate increases contact time with microbes, enhancing its germicidal activity.
Solvent Power
99.9% IPA is a stronger solvent, making it ideal for dissolving oils, greases, and resins. It is preferred in electronics and precision cleaning where moisture can be problematic.
When to Use 99.9% Isopropyl Alcohol
Electronics Cleaning
Ideal for cleaning circuit boards, keyboards, and screens. It leaves no residue and dries almost instantly. For instance:
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Use 10–20 ml of 99.9% IPA on a microfiber cloth to clean a laptop screen.
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Dip cotton swabs in 99.9% IPA to clean tight spaces in keyboards or gaming controllers.
Ink and Adhesive Removal
Its high solvency makes it effective for removing ink stains or sticky residues from labels.
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Soak a cloth with about 30 ml of 99.9% IPA and apply it to the affected area.
Industrial and Laboratory Use
Used in processes requiring water-free solvents. Always ensure proper ventilation and safety precautions.
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When to Use 70% Isopropyl Alcohol
Disinfection and Sanitization
Best for cleaning surfaces in homes, medical environments, and public spaces.
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Clean kitchen counters with a spray bottle containing 250 ml of 70% IPA.
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Wipe down high-touch surfaces like doorknobs and phones using a cloth moistened with 50 ml of 70% IPA.
Skin Antiseptic
Suitable for use on skin before injections or minor medical procedures.
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Apply 5–10 ml on a cotton pad and swab the area.
General Household Cleaning
Can be used on glass, metal, and plastic surfaces without damage.
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Use 100 ml in a spray bottle mixed with essential oils for a pleasant-smelling disinfectant.
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Storage and Safety Tips
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Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
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Keep away from heat and open flames.
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Always use in well-ventilated spaces to avoid inhalation.
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Wear gloves when handling large quantities.
Conclusion
Whether you need a powerful solvent for electronics and industrial use or a reliable disinfectant for daily cleaning, isopropyl alcohol offers flexibility and effectiveness. Choose 99.9% for quick-drying and non-aqueous applications, and 70% for enhanced antimicrobial action.
For more cleaning and chemical products, visit HD Chemicals UK.
FAQs
1. Can I dilute 99.9% isopropyl alcohol to make 70%? Yes. Mix approximately 70 ml of 99.9% IPA with 30 ml of distilled water to make 100 ml of 70% solution.
2. Is isopropyl alcohol safe on electronics? Yes, especially 99.9% IPA. Use it carefully to avoid moisture damage.
3. Can I use 70% IPA to clean phone screens? Yes, but use a soft cloth and avoid excessive moisture.
4. What's the shelf life of isopropyl alcohol? Typically 2-3 years if stored properly.
5. Is isopropyl alcohol flammable? Yes, highly flammable. Keep away from heat and sparks.
6. Can I use IPA on fabric? Yes, for spot-cleaning, but test a small area first.
7. Does IPA kill viruses? 70% IPA is effective against many viruses, including coronaviruses.
8. Is it safe to mix IPA with other cleaners? Avoid mixing with bleach or ammonia due to hazardous reactions.
9. Can IPA be used in ultrasonic cleaners? Yes, especially 99.9% IPA, but check device compatibility.
10. Where can I buy isopropyl alcohol in the UK? You can buy isopropyl alcohol UK online at HD Chemicals.